Comparative Assessment of the Dynamics of the Average Annual Deposition Velocity of 90Sr and 137Cs for a Long Term Period after the Chornobyl Accident for the Cities of Ukraine, Kyiv and Chornobyl

A. M. Novikov

Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants,
NAS of Ukraine, 12, Lysogirska st., Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine

DOI: doi.org/10.31717/2311-8253.22.1.6

Abstract

A reliable assessment of the radioactive aerosol spread is an environmental safety task of current interest and high priority. An important parameter, used to calculate the transport of radioactive fallout, is the deposition velocity of radioactive aerosol. Fluctuations in the deposition velocity, which according to experimental data are within several orders of magnitude, depend on a number of factors (including time), which requires a detailed analysis of the patterns of radioactive pollution fields formation of air and the underlying surface. In this radio- ecological study, the dynamics of the average annual values of the deposition velocity of 90Sr and 137Cs were evaluated and analyzed, based on the experimental data of the measurements of the volume activity and the depositional fluxes obtained in Ukraine for the cities of Kyiv and Chornobyl after the Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident, during 1987–2019. The deposition rates for 90Sr and 137Cs estimated over a long period of time (33 years) show different trends. The total deposition velocity of 90Sr tends to increase, while for 137Cs the deposition velocity decreases over time. This pattern is characteristic of the two studied sites (Kyiv and Chornobyl). Relevant trends in the dynamics of deposition velocity may indicate the transformation of aerosol carriers of these radionuclides, their aerodynamic and migratory capabilities. This study could be of use for an empirical parameterization of deposition velocities in air quality models.

Keywords: ecological safety, monitoring, volume activity, deposition flux, deposition velocity, Chornobyl accident, 90Sr, 137Сs

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Published
2022-06-30

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